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Mount the file system in Linux

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Before performing any operations in Rescue mode, you must mount the OS file system. If the disk with the system partition is mounted in a hardware RAID controller, use the instructions with disk partitioning without software RAID. If the system partition is in LVM, use the instructions for the system with LVM.

Mount the file system with infiltrate-root

  1. Boot the server in Rescue recovery and diagnostic mode.

  2. Print information about the partitions on the disks:

    lsblk

    The response will show information about the partitions on the disks. For example:

    NAME    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
    sda       8:0    0   2.9G  0 disk
    └─sda1    8:1    0   2.9G  0 part
    sdb       8:16   0   160G  0 disk
    ├─sdb1    8:17   0 159.9G  0 part
    ├─sdb14   8:30   0     4M  0 part
    └─sdb15   8:31   0   106M  0 part

    Here sda1, sdb1, sdb14, sdb15 are partition names on the disks.

  3. Select the system partition, usually the largest partition on the disk. In the example in step 2, this is the sdb1 partition.

  4. Mount the file system:

    infiltrate-root /dev/<partition>

    Specify <partition> is the name of the partition on the disk you selected in step 3, in the example it is sdb1.

    The partition will be mounted in the /newroot directory.

  5. If the infiltrate-root command does not work, mount the file system manually.

  6. Perform recovery and diagnostic work.

  7. Log out of the environment after the job is complete. The file system will be unmounted automatically:

    exit

Mount the file system manually

  1. Boot the server in Rescue recovery and diagnostic mode.

  2. Print information about the partitions on the disks:

    lsblk

    The response will show information about the partitions on the disks. For example:

    NAME    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
    sda       8:0    0   2.9G  0 disk
    └─sda1    8:1    0   2.9G  0 part
    sdb       8:16   0   160G  0 disk
    ├─sdb1    8:17   0 159.9G  0 part
    ├─sdb14   8:30   0     4M  0 part
    └─sdb15   8:31   0   106M  0 part

    Here sda1, sdb1, sdb14, sdb15 are partition names on the disks.

  3. Select the system partition, usually the largest partition on the disk. In the example in step 2, this is the sdb1 partition.

  4. Mount the file system to the /mnt directory:

    mount /dev/<partition> /mnt

    Specify <partition> is the name of the system partition on the disk you selected in step 3, in the example it is sdb1.

  5. Mount the service file systems:

    mount -t proc /proc /mnt/proc
    mount -t sysfs /sys /mnt/sys
    mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
    mount -t devpts /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts

  6. Connect to the environment:

    chroot /mnt /bin/bash

  7. Export the PATH variable:

    export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin

  8. Perform recovery and diagnostic work.

  9. Exit the environment when the work is complete:

    exit

  10. Unmount the service file systems:

    umount -t devpts /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
    umount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
    umount -t sysfs /sys /mnt/sys
    umount -t proc /proc /mnt/proc

  11. Unmount the file system:

    umount /dev/<partition> /mnt

    Specify <partition> is the name of the system partition whose file system you mounted in step 4, in the example it is sdb1.