FTP

Last update: April 04 2024

FTP

Two connections are used for the FTP protocol to work:

• control connection — commands and responses are sent over it, they are text strings;
• data connection.

Object storage uses only passive data transfer mode. The connection establishment and data transfer process is initiated solely on the client side.

Writing to the end of the file is not supported — attempting to do so will return response code 426.

Connection data⁠

To connect to object storage via FTP is used:

• host ftp.ru-1.storage.selcloud.ru, where ru-1 is the pool that hosts the object storage;
• port 21.

Authentication is accomplished with an S3 key — The Account Owner or User Administrator issues a key to the service user. When connecting via FTP, the Access key and Secret key fields from the key are used as login and password respectively.

Configure FTP⁠

1. Configure access.
2. Connect by FTP.

1. Configure access⁠

Access can be configured by a user with role Account Owner or User Administrator.

1. Create a service user with role with access to object storage: Account Administrator, Project Administrator, Object Storage Administrator. The Object Storage User role is not suitable for FTP operations.
2. Issue the user an S3 key.

2. Connect via FTP⁠

Connect on Windows⁠

Total Commander

1. Open Total Commander.
2. From the Network menu, select Connect to FTP server.
3. Press Add.
4. On the General tab, enter any name (for example, Selectel) in the Connection Name field.
5. In the Server field, enter ftp.ru-1.storage.selcloud.ru.
6. In the Account field, enter the value of the Access key field from S3-key.
7. In the Password field, enter the value of the Secret key field from the S3 key.
8. Check the Passive sharing mode (as Web browser) checkbox.
9. Open the Advanced tab.
10. In the File Name Encoding field, select UTF-8.
11. Press OK. The profile will be saved.
12. Press Connect.

Midnight Commander

1. Open Midnight Commander.
2. Press F9. The main menu opens.
3. From the Left (for the Left panel) or Right (for the Right panel) panel menu, select FTP Link.
4. Enter a string in the format [<access_key>]@ftp.ru-1.storage.selcloud.ru. Specify <access_key> is the value of the Access key field from S3-key.
5. Press Enter.
6. Enter the password — the value of the Secret key field from the S3 key. If all data has been entered correctly, the panel will display the contents of the object store.

FAR Manager

1. Open FAR Manager.
2. Press Alt + F1 (for left panel) or Alt + F2 (for right panel) to open the jump menu.
3. From the jump menu, select NetBox.
4. Press Enter.
5. Press Shift + F4. The screen for creating a new connection appears.
6. In the File Protocol field, select FTP.
7. In the Host name field, enter ftp.ru-1.storage.selcloud.ru.
8. In the User name field, enter the value of the Access key field from the S3 key.
9. In the Password field, enter the value of the Secret key field from the S3 key.
10. Press OK.
11. To connect via FTP, select the created profile and press Enter.

WinSCP

1. Open WinSCP.
2. In the Transmission Protocol field, select FTP.
3. Enter the hostname — ftp.ru-1.storage.selcloud.ru.
4. Enter the user name — the value of the Access key field from S3-key.
5. Enter the password — the value of the Secret key field from the S3 key.
6. Press More.
7. Select Wednesday.
8. In the UTF-8 encoding for file names field, select On.
9. Press OK → Save.
10. Enter the name of the connection (e.g. Selectel).
11. If you want to save your password, check the Remember Password checkbox.
12. Optional: check the Create shortcut on "Desktop " checkbox.
13. Press OK.
14. To connect via FTP, click Log in.

FileZilla

1. Open FileZilla.
2. From the File menu, select Site Manager.
3. Click New Site.
4. On the General tab, in the Host field, enter ftp.ru-1.storage.selcloud.ru.
5. Select Normal in the Entry Type field.
6. In the User field, enter the value of the Access key field from S3-key.
7. In the Password field, enter the value of the Secret key field from the S3 key.
8. Open the Transmission Settings tab.
9. Select Passive in the Transmission Mode field.
10. Open the Coding tab.
11. Select UTF-8 forced encoding.
12. Press OK.
13. From the Transmit menu, select Transmit Mode → Binary.
14. From the File menu, select Site Manager.
15. To connect via FTP, select the created site and click Connect.

Проводник Windows

1. Open Windows Explorer.
2. Right-click on This computer and select Connect Network Disk.
3. Click Connect to a website where you can store documents and images.
4. Press Next.
5. Select Select another network location.
6. Press Next.
7. Enter the address of the object store — ftp://ftp.ru-1.storage.selcloud.ru
8. Press Next.
9. Clear the Anonymous Login checkbox.
10. Enter the value of the Access key field from S3-key as the user name.
11. Press Next.
12. Optional: change the name of the connection.
13. Press Done.
14. Enter the password — the value of the Secret key field from the S3 key.
15. Check the Save password checkbox.
16. Press Enter. The connection will be displayed in the list of local and network drives.

Connect on Linux⁠

Nautilus

1. Use Nautilus to open any directory.
2. From the File menu, select Server Connection.
3. In the Server Address field, type ftp://ftp.ru-1.storage.selcloud.ru
4. Press Connect.
5. Select Registered User.
6. Enter the login — value of the Access key field from S3-key.
7. Enter the password — the value of the Secret key field from the S3 key.
8. Optional: check the Remember Forever checkbox.
9. Press Connect.

Working with FTP⁠

Authorization⁠

Command	Arguments	Designation
USER	Access key from S3 key	Pass login
PASS	Secret key from S3 key	Pass password

Defense⁠

Command	Arguments	Designation
AUTH	Not required	Establish a secure TLS connection. Arguments will be ignored
PROT	P / C	Set protection mode. P for Private, C for Clean. By default, P will use TLS
PBSZ	Buffer Size	Set the size of the protection buffer. The server will respond with 200 OK

Miscellaneous⁠

Command	Arguments	Designation
FEAT	Not required	Display a list of supported optional features
SYST	Not required	Display server operating system
NOOP	Not required	Empty operation, server will respond with 200 OK
OPTS	According to RFC2389	Pass additional options to server

Accessing files from⁠

Command	Arguments	Designation
SIZE SIZE	File name	Get file size
STAT	Not required	Get connection statistics
MDTM	Path	Get date and time the file was modified
RETR	File name	Download file. It will only be triggered after switching to passive mode with the PASV command. Docking is supported
STOR	File name	Upload file in passive mode
APPE	File name	Tell the server to accept the remote file. The command will work only if such a file does not exist in the repository yet. If the file exists, an error will be returned
DELE	File Name	Delete File
RNFR	File Name	Select a file to rename
RNTO	New File Name	Set a new file name. Only after being selected by the RNFR command
ALLO	Size in bytes	Return a response about available space. Regardless of the argument, the response will be 202 OK
REST	Offset in bytes	Command to "rewind" to a specific position in the file. Required for downloading with RETR

Working with containers⁠

Command	Arguments	Designation
CWD	Directory name	Go to the specified directory
PWD	Not required	Show current working directory
CDUP	Not required	Go to parent directory
NLST	Not required	Return a list of directory files in a shorter format than LIST. Passive connection mode only
LIST	Path	Output the contents of the current or provided directory. Both relative and absolute paths are supported
MLSD	Path	Output the contents of the current directory. The main difference from LIST is that time stamps are accurate to the second, time is specified in UTC
MKD	Directory name	Create directory
RMD	Directory name	Delete directory

Establishing a connection⁠

Command	Arguments	Designation
TYPE	A / I	Change data transmission mode. There are two options available, ASCII(A) or Binary(I). Any argument is ignored, the command is used for backward compatibility. Only Binary mode supported
PASV	Not required	Switch to passive data transfer mode
EPSV	Not required	Initiate a passive mode data connection. In response, the server will transmit the port number for the connection
EPRT	Protocol version / address / port	Initiate a data connection. The command is exclusive to active data transfer mode, so to this command the server will report that active mode is not supported
PORT	Not required	Switch to active data transfer mode. The command is for active data transfer mode only, so the server will report to this command that active mode is not supported
QUIT	Not required	Disconnect from server