---
title: "Cloud Server network volumes"
sidebar_label: "Network volumes"
sidebar_position: 2
description: "Types of network volumes, their features and limits"
---

import { CustomTable } from '@selectel/docux/components';
import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs';
import TabItem from '@theme/TabItem';
import { TabItemLabel } from '@selectel/docux/components';
import Formbricks from '@theme/MDXComponents/Formbricks';

# Cloud Server network volumes

Network volumes are scalable block devices that can be easily transferred between cloud servers. They are suitable for scaling server disk space without changing the boot disk. Triple replication of disk volumes ensures high data integrity.

A network volume can be [created along with a cloud server](/cloud-servers/create/create-server.mdx) or [created separately](/cloud-servers/volumes/create-volume.mdx), and then you can create a server from it or connect it to a server as an additional disk.

You can work with network volumes in the [control panel](https://my.selectel.ru/vpc/default/volumes/), using [OpenStack CLI](/cloud-servers/tools/openstack-cli/) or [Terraform](/terraform/providers/).

You can track metrics for cloud server network volumes using the [Metrics](/metrics/about/about-metrics.mdx) service.

Records of operations with network volumes are saved in [audit logs](/audit-logs/about-audit-logs.mdx).

## Features of network volumes \{#network-volume-features}

* six [network volume types](#network-volume-types) with different recommended size limits, throughput values, and IOPS limits are available;
* can be used as a boot (system) disk for a cloud server or [connected as an additional disk](/cloud-servers/volumes/attach-detach-volume.mdx#attach-network-volume-to-server);
* you can connect up to 255 network volumes to a single cloud server if you use a standard disk with the virtio-scsi property (up to 4 if using ide, up to 26 if using virtio-blk);
* a network volume can be [disconnected from a server](/cloud-servers/volumes/attach-detach-volume.mdx#detach-network-volume-from-server);
* you can [increase](/cloud-servers/volumes/edit-volume.mdx#enlarge-volume) the network volume;
* from a network volume you can [create an image](/cloud-servers/images/create-image.mdx#create-image-from-volume), [snapshot](/cloud-servers/volumes/snapshots.mdx) or [another disk](/cloud-servers/volumes/create-volume.mdx), [set up backups](/cloud-servers/backups/create-backup.mdx);
* you can [transfer a disk](/cloud-servers/volumes/transfer-volume.mdx) between pool segments, projects, and accounts.

## Types of network volumes \{#network-volume-types}

* HDD Basic — HDD based on enterprise-class SATA disks. Suitable for storing large amounts of data that do not need to be frequently read or overwritten;
* SSD Basic — SSD for tasks that do not require high read and write speeds. Throughput and IOPS are higher than those of the basic HDD;
* SSD Universal — SSD, suitable for use as a cloud server boot disk;
* SSD Universal v2 — SSD with the ability to change the IOPS limit and without fixed separation of read and write operations. Suitable for tasks with uneven load. When choosing the maximum number of IOPS, it is suitable for CRM systems, monitoring systems, and for working with big data;
* SSD Fast — SSD NVMe with lower latency and higher performance compared to other types. Suitable for workloads requiring high read and write speeds.
* SSD Fast v2 — SSD NVMe with the ability to change the IOPS limit and without fixed separation of read and write operations. Suitable for tasks requiring high I/O speeds and a level of fault tolerance.

Disk types differ in recommended size limits, throughput values, and the number of read and write operations. See the [Network volume limits](#network-volume-limits) table for details.

Different disk types are available in different [pool segments](/infrastructure/locations.mdx#pool). You can view type availability in locations in the [Cloud Platform network volumes](/infrastructure/product-availability-by-location.mdx#network-volumes) subsection of the [Product availability in locations](/infrastructure/product-availability-by-location.mdx) instructions.

You can view the list of IDs and type names in the [Network volume type list](#network-volume-types-list) subsection.

## Network volume limits \{#network-volume-limits}

The maximum size of boot and additional network volumes, throughput values, and the number of IOPS depend on the disk type.

Disks of the same type in different [pool segments](/infrastructure/locations.mdx#pool) may have different limits. For example, if two network volumes with the SSD Universal type are in different segments (the first disk in ru-1c, the second in ru-8a), their limits will differ.

<CustomTable>
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    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th />

        <th>Maximum size for a boot disk</th><th>Maximum size for an additional disk</th><th>Throughput<br />(4 MB blocks)</th><th>Number of operations<br />(read, 4 KB blocks)</th><th>Number of operations<br />(write, 4 KB blocks)</th>
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    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <th>HDD Basic<br />(all available pool segments)</th><td>500 GB</td><td>10 TB</td><td>100 MB/s</td><td>320 IOPS</td><td>120 IOPS</td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <th>SSD Basic<br />(ru-2b, ru-2c, ru-3b, ru-7a, ru-7b, ru-8a, ru-9a)</th><td>500 GB</td><td>10 TB</td><td>150 MB/s</td><td>640 IOPS</td><td>320 IOPS</td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <th>SSD Universal<br />(ru-1a, ru-1b, ru-1c, ru-2a, ru-3a)</th><td>2 TB</td><td>10 TB</td><td>150 MB/s</td><td>640 IOPS</td><td>320 IOPS</td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <th>SSD Universal<br />(ru-2b, ru-2c, ru-3b, ru-7a, ru-7b, ru-8a, ru-9a, gis-1a, gis-2a, uz-1a, uz-1b, uz-2a, kz-1a, ke-1a)</th><td>5 TB</td><td>10 TB</td><td>200 MB/s</td><td>7 000 IOPS</td><td>4 000 IOPS</td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <th>SSD<br />Universal v2<br />(ru-2c, ru-3b, ru-6a, ru-6b, ru-6c, ru-7a, ru-7b, ru-8a, ru-9a, gis-1a, gis-2a, uz-1a, uz-1b, uz-2a, kz-1a, ke-1a)</th><td>10 TB</td><td>10 TB</td><td>200 MB/s</td><td colspan="2">2 000 — 16 000 IOPS<br /><small>(without separation<br />read and write)</small></td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <th>SSD Fast<br />(ru-1a, ru-1b, ru-1c, ru-2a, ru-2b, ru-3a)</th><td>2 TB</td><td>10 TB</td><td>500 MB/s</td><td>12 800 IOPS</td><td>6 400 IOPS</td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <th>SSD Fast<br />(ru-2c, ru-3b, ru-7a, ru-7b, ru-8a, ru-9a, gis-1a, gis-2a, uz-1a, uz-1b, uz-2a, kz-1a, ke-1a)</th><td>10 TB</td><td>10 TB</td><td>500 MB/s</td><td>25 000 IOPS</td><td>15 000 IOPS</td>
      </tr>

      <tr>
        <th>SSD Fast v2<br />(ru-6a, ru-6b, ru-6c)</th><td>10 TB</td><td>10 TB</td><td>1 000 MB/s</td><td colspan="2">25 000 — 75 000 IOPS<br /><small>(without separation<br />read and write)</small></td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</CustomTable>

You can [test disk performance](/cloud-servers/troubleshooting/benchmark-volumes.mdx).

## What affects performance \{#what-affects-performance}

Different disk types have different IOPS values—the number of read and write operations per second. Creating and checking the file system are procedures that require a certain number of read and write operations to the disk. The higher the performance of the disk, the faster these operations are completed.

When a cloud server starts for the first time, the file system on the system disk expands to the size of the disk. The larger the disk size and the lower its IOPS limits, the longer this process will take, and consequently, the longer it will take for the cloud server to start.

The file system size affects the state check time in the event of an abnormal server shutdown. Checking is enabled by default for boot (system) disks of all servers that are created from pre-made images.

## List of network volume types \{#network-volume-types-list}

To create network volumes using OpenStack CLI and Terraform, IDs or names of [network volume types](#network-volume-types) are used. IDs and names differ in [pool segments](/infrastructure/locations.mdx#pool).

:::note

For example, `94350392-3e5c-4b5a-8a51-873f02af833b` is the ID, and `basicssd.ru-9a` is the name for creating a network volume with the SSD Basic type in the ru-9a pool segment.

:::

You can view the [list of network volume types in all pool segments](#network-volume-types-full-list) in a table or [view the list of network volume types in a specific pool](#view-network-volume-types-pool-list) using OpenStack CLI.

### List of network volume types in all pool segments \{#network-volume-types-full-list}

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              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>b41f25f3-2029-4adb-a042-9a20eeb89b49</td><td>universal.uz-1b</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>7bb53d8d-5009-4c05-bb98-96ba9b548a2a</td><td>fast.uz-1b</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>058f512b-0db4-401a-8e32-5887da1a824a</td><td>universal2.uz-1b</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </CustomTable>
      </TabItem>

      <TabItem value="uz-2">
        <TabItemLabel>uz-2</TabItemLabel>

        <CustomTable>
          <table data-sticky>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th>ID</th><th>Name</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>

            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>156480f9-08d6-4e8b-9c32-455d7af9cd31</td><td>basic.uz-2a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>125a9f49-549e-4bbe-aaec-305da0b3a98c</td><td>universal.uz-2a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>62103e97-ef5a-4afc-9143-8b6c8c859c0e</td><td>fast.uz-2a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>93fa325b-7592-4e2e-8d66-0797d2371388</td><td>universal2.uz-2a</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </CustomTable>
      </TabItem>
    </Tabs>
  </TabItem>

  <TabItem value="alm">
    <TabItemLabel>Almaty</TabItemLabel>

    <Tabs queryString="volume-types-list-in-alm">
      <TabItem value="kz-1a" default>
        <TabItemLabel>kz-1</TabItemLabel>

        <CustomTable>
          <table data-sticky>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th>ID</th><th>Name</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>

            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>61bbddb8-8c60-4b29-a166-4ad29fce165d</td><td>basic.kz-1a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>4e362353-a60b-45db-af87-8685aad8d0d0</td><td>universal.kz-1a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>1f2f97c4-f4af-4adb-a6e8-53368347234e</td><td>fast.kz-1a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>c7e141a0-f692-4422-bb9e-d2f22ad39766</td><td>universal2.kz-1a</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </CustomTable>
      </TabItem>
    </Tabs>
  </TabItem>

  <TabItem value="nrb">
    <TabItemLabel>Nairobi</TabItemLabel>

    <Tabs queryString="volume-types-list-in-nrb">
      <TabItem value="ke-1a" default>
        <TabItemLabel>ke-1</TabItemLabel>

        <CustomTable>
          <table data-sticky>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th>ID</th><th>Name</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>

            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>b4adfbb0-3e54-4613-8525-7a966536da6d</td><td>basic.ke-1a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>b9b418b3-fe6b-4a80-8894-1e0e8815d5f7</td><td>universal.ke-1a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>fcbbbfb2-fa51-44bc-a760-14d001f42838</td><td>fast.ke-1a</td>
              </tr>

              <tr>
                <td>f5b5140e-5d06-4c92-a02d-3ead72453d97</td><td>universal2.ke-1a</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </CustomTable>
      </TabItem>
    </Tabs>
  </TabItem>
</Tabs>

Where:

* `ID` — network volume type ID;
* `Имя` — [network volume type](#network-volume-types) name and [pool segment](/infrastructure/product-availability-by-location.mdx#network-volumes) in the `тип.сегмент_пула` format, for example `basic.ru-9a`. Available types:
  * `basic` — Basic HDD type;
  * `basicssd` — Basic SSD type;
  * `universal` — Universal SSD type;
  * `universal2` — Universal SSD v2 type;
  * `fast` — Fast SSD type;
  * `fast2` — Fast SSD v2 type.

### View the list of network volume types in a specific pool \{#view-network-volume-types-pool-list}

1. [Open the OpenStack CLI](/cloud-servers/tools/openstack-cli/).
2. View the list of types:

   ```bash
   openstack volume type list
   ```

   Example response for the ru-9 pool:

   ```bash
   +--------------------------------------+-----------------+
   | ID                                   | Name            |
   +--------------------------------------+-----------------+
   | 8ab097f3-3ffc-4fc4-9771-01fd512936eb | basic.ru-9a     |
   | 94350392-3e5c-4b5a-8a51-873f02af833b | basicssd.ru-9a  |
   | 52666f65-ec91-4c09-ad7e-207d10553e4a | universal.ru-9a |
   | 2eab725b-4797-4c34-9e1b-4ad083629608 | universal2.ru-9a|
   | a67bd670-633b-4c82-bb91-84058140aa05 | fast.ru-9a      |
   +--------------------------------------+-----------------+
   ```

   Where:

   * `ID` — network volume type ID;
   * `Name` — [network volume type](#network-volume-types) name and [pool segment](/infrastructure/product-availability-by-location.mdx#network-volumes) in the `тип.сегмент_пула` format, for example `basic.ru-9a`. Available types:
     * `basic` — Basic HDD type;
     * `basicssd` — Basic SSD type;
     * `universal` — Universal SSD type;
     * `universal2` — Universal SSD v2 type;
     * `fast` — Fast SSD type.

## Cost \{#price}

Network volumes are paid for using the [Cloud Platform payment model](/cloud-servers/about/payment.mdx#payment-model).

Each GB of network volumes is charged. The cost depends on the [network volume type](/cloud-servers/volumes/about-network-volumes.mdx#network-volume-types), size, and the [pool segment](/infrastructure/locations.mdx#pool) where it is located.

You can check the network volume size in the [Control Panel](https://my.selectel.ru/vpc/default/volumes/): in the top menu, click **Products** → **Cloud Servers** → **Disks** section → disk row → **Size**.

For Universal SSD v2 and Fast SSD v2 network volumes, the number of IOPS used is also charged. The maximum number of IOPS per hour is taken into account. For Universal SSD v2, the first 2,000 IOPS are free of charge, and for Fast SSD v2 — the first 25,000 IOPS. You can view the number of IOPS in the [Control Panel](https://my.selectel.ru/vpc/default/volumes/): in the top menu, click **Products** → **Cloud Servers** → **Disks** section → disk page → **Settings**.

The cost of one GB (for all network volume types) and one IOPS (for Universal SSD v2 and Fast SSD v2 disks) can be viewed on [selectel.ru](https://selectel.ru/prices/).

<Formbricks />